The goal of this research is to develop a Parental Literacy Scale for identifying parents’ perception of their children’s literacy. Mothers of first-grade students participated in the research conducted in the descriptive survey model. The related literature was reviewed before noting the items of the scale, and a theoretical construct was built for the items and for possible factors in the scale. After creating the item pool, expert opinions were solicited about the content validity, language, and expression. The expert opinions were analyzed using the Lawshe technique. An explanatory factor analysis was also performed for the structure validity of the scale. The explanatory factor analysis results showed that the scale is composed of three factors: parental literacy, child literacy, and early literacy. The reliability coefficients of Parental Literacy Scale factors were found to be (a = 0.917) for the first factor, (a = 0.864) for the second factor, and (a = 0.790) for the third factor, and the reliability factor was calculated to be α = .897 for the whole scale. These results imply that each factor’s items are highly consistent and that the Parental Literacy Scale is multi-dimensional and highly consistent.