The purpose of this research is to reveal the design of the teaching process of the chromosome concept for the prospective science teachers. The case study technique, which is one of the qualitative research patterns, was applied for this project by the participation of six 4th grade prospective science teachers from one of the state-mandated universities in Turkey. Research data have been collected through interviews. Content analysis method has been employed for decoding the data gathered from semi-structured interviews which were conducted with prospective science teachers. To increase the reliability of the research results, codes, which have been obtained by two different researchers, were compared and calculated to see the percentage of the correspondence. Data from the study group demonstrated that prospective science teachers did not comprehend chromosome concept properly in details and largely rely on memorization. Their views on the teaching process of the concept showed that students have similar instructional design approach and also, they are mostly influenced by their own learning experiences.